Umwe ,.indangakumeneka, ingamba zo gukumira ibyuka.
1. Imyanda yose igomba gukorerwa hydraulic yipimisha ryamanota atandukanye nyuma yo kwinjira muruganda.
2. Birakenewe gusenya no gusana valve igomba kuba hasi.
3. Mugihe cyo gusana cyane, reba niba coiling yongewemo na glande ya coiling irakomeye.
4 valve mbere yo kuyishyiraho igomba gusuzuma niba hari umukungugu, umucanga, okiside ya fer nibindi bisigazwa imbere muri valve.Niba izuba rivuzwe haruguru rigomba gusukurwa mbere yo kwishyiriraho.
5. Imyanda yose igomba gushyirwaho gasketi yo murwego rumwe mbere yo kuyishyiraho.
6. Kenyera ibifunga mugihe ushyira inzugi za flange, kandi uhambire ibimera bya flange mubyerekezo bisa.
7. Muburyo bwo kwishyiriraho valve, indangagaciro zose zigomba gushyirwaho neza ukurikije sisitemu nigitutu, kandi kwishyiriraho no kuvanga birabujijwe rwose.Kubwiyi ntego, indangagaciro zose zigomba kubarwa no kwandikwa ukurikije sisitemu mbere yo kwishyiriraho.
Babiri, ku gukumira ingamba zo kumena amakara.
1. Flanges zose zigomba gushyirwaho ibikoresho bifunga kashe.
2. Ahantu hakunze kumeneka ifu ni ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’amakara, ibiryo byamakara, flanges yinganda, nibice byose bifitanye isano na flanges.Kubwibyo, tuzakora igenzura ryuzuye kubice byibikoresho byose byabakora ibicuruzwa bishobora kumena ifu.Niba nta bikoresho bifunga kashe, tuzakora ibyasubiwemo kabiri kandi twizirike.
3. Ikintu cyo kumeneka kw'ifu gishobora kugaragara muguhuza gusudira k'umuyoboro w'amakara wavunitse, tuzafata ingamba zikurikira.
3.1 Mbere yo gusudira hamwe, agace kegeranye gusudira kagomba guhanagurwa neza kugeza kumurabyo wicyuma hanyuma kigahanagurwa kumashanyarazi asabwa.
3.2 Icyuho cyo guhuza kigomba kubikwa mbere yo guhuza, kandi birabujijwe rwose guhatira guhuza.
3.3 Ibikoresho byo gusudira bigomba gukoreshwa neza, kandi bigomba gushyuha nkuko bisabwa mugihe cyubukonje.
Bitatu, sisitemu ya peteroli yamenetse, gukoresha amavuta nizindi ngamba zo gukumira.
1.Ni ngombwa cyane gukora neza kumeneka namavuta ya sisitemu ya peteroli.
2. Reba kandi usukure sisitemu hamwe nububiko bwamavuta witonze mbere yo kuyishyiraho.
3. Ikizamini cya Hydraulic kigomba gukorwa kubikoresho bifite firimu ikonjesha.
4. Ikizamini cya Hydraulic nogutoragura bigomba no gukorwa kuri sisitemu ya peteroli.
5. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho umuyoboro wamavuta, ingingo zose za flange cyangwa ingingo nzima hamwe nubudodo bwa silike bigomba gushyirwamo reberi irwanya amavuta cyangwa paje ya asibesitosi irwanya amavuta.
6. Ingingo yamenetse ya sisitemu ya peteroli yibanda cyane kuri flange hamwe nu mugozi wiziritse hamwe, bityo bolts igomba gukomera neza mugihe ushyizeho flange.Irinde kumeneka cyangwa gukomera.
7. Mugihe cyo kuyungurura amavuta, abubatsi bagomba guhora bakomera kumyanya yabo, kandi birabujijwe rwose guhaguruka cyangwa kwambuka imyanya.
8. Akayunguruzo k'amavuta kagomba guhagarikwa mbere yo gusimbuza impapuro zungurura amavuta.
9. Mugihe ushyiraho umuyoboro wamavuta wigihe gito uhuza (amashanyarazi akomeye cyane ya plastike ya pulasitike), urugingo rugomba guhambirwa neza ninsinga ziyobora kugirango wirinde ikintu cyo guhunga amavuta nyuma yo kuyungurura amavuta bimaze igihe kinini.
10. Kohereza abakozi bashinzwe ubwubatsi kwita kubikorwa byo kuyungurura amavuta.
11. Mbere yuko sisitemu yamavuta yingoboka itangira uruziga rwa peteroli, ishami ryubwubatsi ritegura abakozi bashinzwe ukwezi kwa peteroli yingirakamaro kugirango bamenyekanishe birambuye.
Iv.Irinde ibituba, kubyimba, gutonyanga no kumeneka muguhuza ibikoresho nibikoresho bya pipe.Hariho ingamba zikurikira zo gukumira:
1. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikoreshwa kuri flange gasketi hejuru ya 2.5mpa.
2, 1.0Mpa-2.5mpa flange gasketi, gasike ya asibesitosi, kandi ushyizwemo ifu yumukara.
3, munsi ya 1.0mpa umuyoboro wamazi flange ifunga kashe ya reberi, hanyuma ugasiga ifu yumukara.
4, pompe yamazi ikozwe muri PTFE fibre compile coil.
5. Kubice bifunga umwotsi hamwe numuyoboro wamakara yumuyaga, umugozi wa asibesitosi uragoramye kandi wongewe kumurongo uhuriweho icyarimwe.Birabujijwe rwose gukaza imigozi nyuma yo gufatanya gukomeye.
Bitanu, kuraho valve yamenetse ifite ingamba zikurikira
kumeneka ya valve tugomba gukora ingamba zikurikira)
1. Hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bwiza bwo kumenyekanisha imiyoboro no kubaka, kandi urupapuro rwa oxyde hamwe nurukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro bigomba gusukurwa mubushake, ntihabeho izuba kandi byemeza ko urukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro rufite isuku.
2. Icyambere, menya neza ko 100% ya valve yinjira kurubuga igomba kuba ikizamini cya hydrostatike.
3. Gusya Valve bigomba gukorwa cyane.Imyanda yose (usibye ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga) igomba koherezwa mumatsinda yo gusya kugirango igenzurwe, isya kandi ibungabunge, hamwe no kumenya inshingano, kubyandika no kubimenya, byoroshye gusubira inyuma.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigomba gutondekanya ibisobanuro kugirango byemerwe kabiri, kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa bya "kashe, kugenzura no gufata amajwi".
4. Igikoni amazi yambere yinjira n'inzugi zisohoka bigomba kugenwa hakiri kare.Gusa iyi mibande yemerewe gukingurwa mugihe cya hydrostatike, nibindi byuma ntibyemewe gufungura uko bishakiye, kugirango birinde intangiriro ya valve.
5. Iyo umuyoboro uhinduwe, uzimya kandi uzimye witonze kugirango wirinde kwangirika.
Niba isohoka, niyihe mpamvu?
(1) guhuza ibice byo gufungura no gufunga hamwe nubuso bwa kashe yintebe ya valve;
(2) gupakira hamwe nigiti hamwe nugupakira agasanduku gahuye;
(3) ihuriro hagati yumubiri wa valve nigifuniko cya valve
Imwe mumyanya yamenetse yiswe imbere yimbere, mubisanzwe bivugwa ko idahwitse, bizagira ingaruka kubushobozi bwa valve yo guca hagati.Ibisohoka bibiri byanyuma byitwa gusohoka hanze, ni ukuvuga, itangazamakuru risohoka kuva kuri valve kugera kuri valve hanze.Kumeneka bizatera gutakaza ibintu, kwanduza ibidukikije, bikomeye nabyo bizatera impanuka.
Kugwa ahantu nyaburanga, isesengura ryimbere ryimbere, kumeneka imbere muri rusange:
Indangagaciro zifite uburyo bwemewe bwo kumeneka imbere ukurikije kalibiri yabo, sisitemu itandukanye, hamwe nibitangazamakuru bya sisitemu.Mu buryo butajenjetse, kweli '0 ′ kumeneka ntikubaho.Muri rusange, umubumbe muto wa diameter yisi iroroshye kugera kumurongo utagaragara (ntabwo ari zeru zeru), mugihe amarembo manini ya diameter bigoye kugera kubintu bitagaragara.Mugihe habaye kumeneka kwimbere muri valve, mbere ya byose, dukwiye kugerageza kumva ibyimbere byimbere byimbere, kwerekeza kubipimo byamazi yamenetse, kumeneka kwimbere bibaho mugihe sisitemu ikora ibidukikije nibindi bintu byo gusesengura byuzuye, kugirango dukore neza gucira urubanza imbere yimbere.
(1) Ikibazo cyo kumeneka imbere ya parallel ya valve.
Ihame ryakazi rya parike iringaniye ni ukwishingikiriza kumuvuduko utandukanye wa sisitemu kuruhande rusohokera rwa spol hamwe no gufunga intebe hejuru yumuvuduko, mugihe habaye umuvuduko muke wa sisitemu, hashobora kubaho ikintu gito cyo kumeneka imbere nyuma ya valve .Mugihe habaye gutemba kwimbere, birasabwa gukomeza kwitegereza no kugenzura ikidodo cya valve mugihe umuvuduko winjira wa sisitemu ugeze kubishushanyo mbonera cyangwa igitutu gisanzwe cyakazi.Niba hari imyanda irenze urugero, igomba gusenyuka hanyuma igashyiraho kashe ya valve.
(2) kumeneka imbere kwa valve wedge.
Rimwe na rimwe, ni ukubera uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenzura valve, kubera ko uwabikoze mugihe cyo gutoranya igishushanyo, igiti kijyanye nigiti hamwe nigiti cyimbuto nimbaraga zo gushushanya ntizigeze zitekereza uburyo bwo kugenzura umuriro, no gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura imitsi, niba uhatirwa kugenda uburyo bwo kugenzura imyanya ifunze kugirango igenzurwe na torque, irashobora gutera kwangirika kwimbuto ya valve, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, biganisha ku kunanirwa kwumutwe wamashanyarazi iyo ifunguye no gutabaza kwa torque.Mugihe cyo kumeneka kwimbere kwiyi valve, mubisanzwe ifunga intoki nyuma yo gufunga amashanyarazi, hanyuma igafungwa.Niba haracyariho kumeneka imbere nyuma yo gufunga intoki, byerekana ko hejuru yikimenyetso cya valve gifite ikibazo, hanyuma kigomba gusenyuka nubutaka.
(3) kumeneka imbere ya cheque valve.
Kugenzura kashe ya valve nayo biterwa nigitutu cyumuvuduko wa sisitemu, mugihe umuvuduko winjira wa cheque valve ari muke cyane, umuvuduko wo gusohoka nawo uzamuka gake, hanyuma ugomba gusesengurwa nibintu bitandukanye, ukamenya kumeneka imbere , ukurikije isesengura ryimiterere kugirango uhitemo niba ugomba gufata imirimo yo gusana kumubiri.
(4) Imbere yimbere ya diameter nini ya disiki.
Igipimo cyimbere yimbere ya diameter nini ya disiki nini muri rusange nini cyane.Iyo umuvuduko winjira wiyongereye, umuvuduko wo gusohoka nawo uziyongera.Kuri iki kibazo, kumeneka kwimbere bigomba kubanza gusuzumwa, kandi icyemezo cyo gusana cyangwa kutagikora kigomba gufatwa ukurikije imyanda yimbere.
(5) kumeneka imbere kwa valve igenga.
Kuberako imiterere ya valve igenzura itandukanye, igipimo cyo kumeneka imbere ntabwo ari kimwe, mugihe kimwe, valve igenzura ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kugenzura imitsi, (kudakoresha igenzura rya torque), kubwibyo muri rusange hariho imbere ibintu byo kumeneka.Ikibazo cyo kumeneka imbere cyumubyigano kigomba gufatwa ukundi, kandi valve igenzura hamwe nibisabwa byimbere byimbere bigomba kwitabwaho mugushushanya no kubikora.Hano haribintu byinshi bivuguruzanya mumashanyarazi ya nucleaire ya XX.Imyanda myinshi ihatirwa guhindurwa mugucunga umuriro, bikaba byangiza akazi ka valve igenga.
Kugira ngo bisobanuke neza:
(1) Guhitamo ibikoresho nabi no kuvura ubushyuhe bwibice byimbere, gukomera bidahagije, byoroshye kwangizwa namazi yihuta.
.Umuvuduko ukabije uganisha ku muvuduko muto cyane inyuma ya valve, iri munsi yumuvuduko wuzuye, bikavamo cavitation.Mubikorwa bya cavitation, imbaraga zose mugihe igituba giturika cyibanze kumwanya wacitse, bikavamo ibihumbi bya Newtons yingufu zingaruka, kandi umuvuduko wumuvuduko ukabije ugera kuri 2 × 103Mpa, urenze cyane umunaniro wo kunanirwa umunaniro wa ibikoresho by'icyuma bihari.Disiki nintebe bikabije birashobora kandi kwangirika no kumeneka mugihe gito cyane.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-20-2021